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笔记本上使用Archlinux

周四, 2006-08-03 07:06 — tx-cary

作者：tx-cary
来自：http://arithboy.org/wiki/Laptop.html
摘要：笔记本上配置使用Archlinux，比如电源管理，CPU降温，热键设置及DPMS的使用等；

近日购得二手笔记本一台,在其上运行linux的一些设置记录如下:
型号为 ThinkPad T30

目录

1、网络环境的配置

首先添加udev规则,解决两个网卡的顺序问题.

编辑/etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rules

SUBSYSTEM=="net", SYSFS{address}=="00:02:8a:47:f4:a5", NAME="wlan0"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", SYSFS{address}=="00:09:6b:06:a5:b4", NAME="lan0"

笔记本上经常移动,需要多套网络的配置.

编辑rc.conf

...
HOSTNAME="localhost"
lo="lo 127.0.0.1"
INTERFACES=(lo)
NET_PROFILES=(menu)
...      

将NET_PROFILES=(menu)打开,在/etc/network-profiles/中添加配置文件.

例如文件/etc/network-profiles/20-home

DESCRIPTION="home"
INTERFACE=lan0
HOSTNAME=localhost
IFOPTS="219.242.113.92 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 219.242.113.255 hw ether 00132051A785"
GATEWAY=219.242.113.1
DNS1=202.112.144.30         

使用sudo /etc/rc.d/network restart则可更改网络设置,/etc/resolv.conf的值会被更新.

当有多个配置时,文件名以字典序排列,数字开头则比较方便,数字最小的为默认网络配置.


2、laptop-mode的配置

安装 laptop-mode-tools 软件包.

编辑文件/etc/laptop-mode/laptop-mode.conf
默认设置已经能够满足需要了,只要把CONTROL_开头的打开即可,
里面包含了硬盘,cpu等多方面的设置,能极大延长电池的使用时间, 推荐使用.


3、设置笔记本的待机

安装acpid,机器待机时,背光仍然打开,主要是使用radeon的显卡可能会有这个问题.
详细的描述见1,使用radeontool解决该问题,脚本2如下:

#!/bin/sh

# if launched through a lid event and lid is open, do nothing
echo "$1" | grep "button/lid" && grep -q open /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID/state && exit 0

# remove USB 1.1 driver
rmmod uhci_hcd

# sync filesystem and clock
sync
/sbin/hwclock --systohc

# switch to console
FGCONSOLE=`fgconsole`
chvt 6
/usr/sbin/radeontool light off

# go to sleep
sleep 5 && echo -n "mem" > /sys/power/state

# readjust the clock (it might be off a bit after suspend)
/sbin/hwclock --adjust
/sbin/hwclock --hctosys

# reload USB 1.1 driver
modprobe uhci_hcd

# turn on the backlight and switch back to X
radeontool light on
chvt $FGCONSOLE

将脚本保存在/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh,并chmod +x sleep.sh

修改/etc/acpi/handler.sh
按下sleep按键时(我这里是Fn+F4)执行sleep.sh,进入待机

...
...
button/sleep)
case "$2" in
SLPB) #echo -n mem >/sys/power/state ;;
/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh;;#注释掉上句,添加这句
...

合上屏幕时,待机

...
button/lid)
#echo "LID switched!">/dev/tty5
/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh #添加这句
;;
...

修改脚本以后,重起服务即可生效.

/etc/rc.d/acpid restart

有个问题就是待机时usb口仍然供电,在windows下则无此现象.


4、cpu自动降频

查找所需要的模块

modprobe -l |grep cpufreq
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_powersave.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_stats.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_userspace.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_conservative.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/freq_table.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/longrun.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k8.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k7.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k6.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-smi.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-lib.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-ich.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/acpi-cpufreq.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/p4-clockmod.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/cpufreq-nforce2.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/gx-suspmod.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-centrino.ko

我的cpu是P4M1.6GHZ,选择speedstep-ich.ko,同时需要cpufreq governors:
我这里显示有5个可以选择 userspace, powersave, ondemand, conservative, perform
ance.

cpu降频的软件包有cpufreqd和cpufrequtils,后来发现laptop-mode-tools里面直接可以控制cpu频率和throttling.推荐使用这个.

需要在rc.conf中添加speedstep-ich和ondemand


5、监测硬盘,cpu,电池等

arch中监测支持smart硬盘温度软件有smartmontools和hddtemp,第一个监测的功能很多,我们使用第二个,

[arch@localhost proc]$ sudo hddtemp -n /dev/hda
51

监测cpu频率,温度,电池等.
这些信息都在/proc/acpi中,一般窗口管理器里面自带脚本/插件都可以监测,若没用的话,使用某个脚本语言,用正则表达式抓取数据也是很容易的.
conky可以将数据输出到桌面.


6、thinkpad笔记本的热键设置

主要使用ibm_acpi模块,其它品牌笔记本不适用.

添加ibm_acpi到rc.conf中的MODULES,在/etc/modprobe.conf
添加

options ibm_acpi hotkey=enable,0xffff experimental=1

指定加载模块时的参数,hotkey=enable,0xffff指明使用尽可能多的快捷键,experimental=1打开一些在测试中的功能,如控制cpu风扇等,启用hotkey功能后,Fn+F4组合键将不产生sleep的acpi的事件,而是ibm/hotkey事件.

这样运行 acpi_listen后,可以监测Fn+F1-F12中那些组合产生acpi的事件,我这里是
F3,F4,F7,F8,F12.我将F3设置为开关屏幕,F4为待机,F7为切换显示器,F8为关闭bay(用来热拔插光驱或第2块电池),F12设置为关机.

我们使用radeontool来切换,它没有监测lcd状态的功能,可以使用脚本来简单判断lcd的状态.

/etc/acpi/actions/lcd_switch.sh

#!/bin/sh

flag=/tmp/thinkpad_lcd_off

if [ -e $flag ]; then
        /usr/sbin/radeontool light on
        rm -f $flag
else
        /usr/sbin/radeontool light off
        > $flag
fi

注意要chmod +x lcd_switch.sh

切换显示器使用

echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video

关闭bay使用
echo eject > /proc/acpi/ibm/bay

修改handler.sh

...
        ibm/hotkey)
                  case "$2" in
                          HKEY)
                            case "$4" in                                       
                                 00001003)       #echo "f3" >/dev/tty5      
                                       /etc/acpi/actions/lcd_switch.sh           
                                        ;;
                                 00001004)       #echo "f4" >/dev/tty5      
                                        /etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh
                                         ;;
                                 00001007)       #echo "f7" >/dev/tty5      
                                         echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
                                        ;;                                        
                                 00001008)       #echo "f8" >/dev/tty5     
                                         echo eject > /proc/acpi/ibm/bay          
                                        ;;                                        
                                 0000100c)       #echo "f12" >/dev/tty5     
                                        /sbin/halt                        
                                        ;;                                       
                                esac                                              
                                ;;                                                
                        *) logger "ibm_acpi undefined:$2";;                      
                 esac                                                             
                 ;;
...                                   

使用tpb可以在屏幕上显示音量等信息,还可以设置thinkpad等热键.


7、DPMS的使用

修改xorg.conf在Section "Monitor" 中添加 Option "DPMS",在 Section "ServerLayout" 中添加



Option "StandbyTime"    "20"    # Turn off screen in 20 minutes            
Option "SuspendTime"    "30"    # Full hibernation in 30 minutes           
Option "OffTime"        "40"    # Turn off DPMS monitor     

使用xset dpms force standby可以立即查看效果.

我这里dpms一直无法使用,将驱动从"versa"换为"radeon"(软件包为 xf86-video-ati)后dpms正常,但是它与/proc/acpi/ibm/video冲突.具体就是不能使用上面Fn+F7来切换显示器.后发现使用laptop-mode-tools 可以控制dpms,驱动还是使用"vesa"较方便.

radeontool的PKGBUILD

pkgname=radeontool
pkgver=1.5
pkgrel=2
pkgdesc=
url="http://fdd.com/software/radeon/"
license=GPL
depends=('pciutils')
makedepends=()
backup=()
source=( http://fdd.com/software/radeon/$pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz)
md5sums=(8065eebe5a2b163e43b40461bfe49a56)

build() {
        cd $startdir/src/$pkgname-$pkgver
        make || return 1
        mkdir -p $startdir/pkg/usr/sbin
        cp $pkgname $startdir/pkg/usr/sbin
}

[1] http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/How_to_configure_acpid

[2] http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/How_to_configure_acpid#Action_Script

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